Which process describes the mechanism of cell division for growth and repair?

The process of cell division that specifically facilitates growth and repair in organisms is mitosis. This method of division results in two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell, allowing for the doubling of cellular components and the maintenance of the same genetic information. Mitosis plays a crucial role in growth as organisms develop from a single fertilized egg into a complex multicellular structure, and it is equally important in repairing tissues after injury.

Unlike meiosis, which is involved in the production of gametes for sexual reproduction and results in genetically diverse cells, mitosis ensures that the resulting cells are clones of the original cell, which is essential for maintaining tissue integrity. Apoptosis indicates programmed cell death, a necessary process for removing damaged or unnecessary cells, but it does not contribute to growth or repair. Cellular respiration is the metabolic process that converts glucose and oxygen into energy, but it does not involve cell division. Thus, mitosis is the proper term for the mechanism underlying cell division for growth and repair.