Which factor is crucial for determining land suitability for agriculture?

Soil composition is a fundamental factor in determining land suitability for agriculture because it directly influences the health and productivity of crops. The makeup of soil—including its texture, structure, nutrient content, pH level, and organic matter—affects how well plants can grow. Different crops have varying soil requirements, and the availability of essential nutrients determined by soil composition plays a critical role in plant development.

For instance, soils rich in essential nutrients and with good drainage support healthy crop yields. Conversely, poor soil composition may lead to low agricultural productivity, as plants may struggle to obtain necessary resources. This makes understanding soil composition vital for farmers and agronomists when evaluating land for agricultural purposes.

While historical land use, proximity to urban areas, and climate type can influence agricultural practices and economic viability, they are secondary to the immediate biological needs of crops related to soil properties.