What is contour farming?

Contour farming is a sustainable agricultural practice designed primarily to reduce soil erosion and enhance water conservation. This technique involves plowing and planting across the slope of the land, rather than up and down. By following the natural contours of the terrain, farmers create furrows that can act as barriers to water flow. This helps to slow down water runoff during rain, allowing more time for water to soak into the soil and reducing the loss of topsoil.

Additionally, contour farming can improve soil fertility and crop yield over time due to better moisture retention and reduced erosion. It is a critical practice for maintaining soil health, especially in areas prone to steep slopes or heavy rainfall, making it an essential technique for sustainable farming.

The other options, while relevant to agricultural practices, do not specifically address the primary goal of contour farming in relation to soil erosion. Planting in rows can refer to various planting techniques, improving irrigation is focused on water management, and crop rotation is a strategy for managing soil nutrients and pests. Each serves a different purpose compared to the main objective of contour farming.